دانشگاه اصفهان جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی محیطی 2008-5362 36 4 2025 12 22 Comparative Analysis of the Pedestrianism Livability Pattern with an Emphasis on Residents' Views (Case Study: Niasarm Madi (Creek), Isfahan City) تحلیل تطبیقی مؤلفه‌های الگوی زیست‌پیاده‌مدار با تأکید بر نظر شهروندان (مطالعه موردی: مادی نیاصرم کلان‌شهر اصفهان) 53 94 30157 10.22108/gep.2025.144656.1715 FA سهیلا رضائی آدریانی دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران مسعود تقوایی استاد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران Journal Article 2025 05 08 Abstract Madi Niasarm, a significant branch of the Zayandeh-Rud River, holds substantial potential to enhance the livability and walkability of Isfahan. Unfortunately, this area has been largely neglected in urban development efforts and its existing attributes have not been fully leveraged. This study sought to evaluate how well the Madi Niasarm corridor aligned with the principles of livability and pedestrianism. To accomplish this, we developed a novel composite model called the “Pedestrianism Livability Pattern”, integrating relevant theories and compiling suitable quantitative indicators for assessment from various sources. The primary objective of this research was to investigate conformity of Madi Niasarm with the indicators of the Pedestrianism Livability Pattern from the perspectives of local residents and citizens. Additionally, we aimed to create a prioritized framework for developmental plans and interventions that addressed the existing deficiencies and weaknesses along the corridor. Our methodology encompassed a literature review, field observations, and questionnaire surveys, focusing on the statistical population of residents living adjacent to Madi Niasarm. By utilizing Cochran’s formula, we established a sample size of 390 respondents. Data analysis was performed by using SPSS software and incorporating statistical tests, such as Friedman and one-sample t-tests. The results revealed that walkability indicators received the highest average score of 3.89 followed by public spaces at 3.61 and social factors at 3.59. Conversely, public transportation indicators averaged 3.35, managerial factors 3.30, and economic factors 3.29, ranking lowest among the evaluated components. These findings provided a valuable foundation for developing policies aimed at enhancing livability and pedestrianism in the Madi Niasarm region. Keywords: Livability, Pedestrianism, Pedestrianism Livability Pattern, Index, Madi Niasram, Isfahan. Introduction Madi Niasarm as a key branch of the Zayandeh-Rud River holds significant potential to enhance the livability and walkability of Isfahan. Unfortunately, this corridor has been largely neglected in the context of urban development and its existing capabilities remain underutilized. This study aimed to evaluate the extent to which the Madi Niasarm corridor aligned with the criteria for livability and pedestrianism. To achieve this, we developed a new composite model termed the "Pedestrianism Livability Pattern", which integrated relevant theories and compiled appropriate quantitative indicators for assessment from various sources. Residents' perceptions served as invaluable indicators of urban livability as they engaged with these environments daily and possessed experiential knowledge that might be lacking among outsiders or planners. Therefore, the primary objective of this research was to assess the alignment of Madi Niasarm with the indicators of the Pedestrianism Livability Pattern as perceived by local residents and citizens. Additionally, we aimed to establish a prioritized framework for development plans and interventions that addressed existing deficiencies and weaknesses along the corridor. The resilience, attractiveness, and sustainability of urban areas increasingly depended on their walkability, accessibility, and the overall quality of pedestrian environments. As cities move towards more sustainable development goals, urban planners and policymakers are recognizing the potential of natural corridors—such as creeks and riverbanks—to function as green arteries that enhance urban livability through pedestrian-friendly pathways. In Isfahan, a city celebrated for its historic architecture and rich cultural heritage, the Zayandeh-Rood River and its associated creek networks, including Madi Niasarm, present a unique opportunity to reconnect residents with natural and cultural landscapes, thereby fostering social interaction, ecological sustainability, and economic vitality. Despite the recognized potential of these corridors, their current utilization remains suboptimal. This gap may stem from insufficient planning, a failure to consider residents' needs and perceptions, or inadequate infrastructure development that does not align with the principles of sustainable pedestrianism. This study investigated how well the existing morphology and management of Madi Niasarm conformed to the indicators of pedestrianism and livability. Its aim was to synthesize residents’ perspectives with these indicators, creating a comprehensive framework that could guide sustainable development and conservation strategies. Engaging residents as primary stakeholders provided nuanced insights into the actual usability, safety, aesthetic appeal, and social opportunities offered by these urban corridors. This engagement also helped identify perceptual gaps that might hinder the realization of their full potential. Additionally, comparing current conditions with a theoretically derived Pedestrianism Livability Pattern would allow urban planners to identify priority areas for intervention, ensuring that developments are responsive to local needs, environmental constraints, and cultural values. Materials & Methods This research employed a mixed-methods approach, integrating both qualitative and quantitative techniques to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the pedestrian livability landscape. The investigation included extensive literature review to analyze existing scholarship on urban livability, pedestrian-oriented design, and relevant case studies from similar contexts. Field observations were conducted along Madi Niasarm to assess physical conditions, infrastructure availability, land use patterns, safety features, and aesthetic qualities. A structured questionnaire was developed and distributed to residents living adjacent to Madi Niasarm. The sample size was determined using Cochran’s formula, resulting in a dataset of 390 respondents selected through stratified random sampling to ensure representation across various age groups, genders, and socioeconomic backgrounds. Data analysis was performed by using SPSS software and employing statistical tests, including Friedman’s test to rank the importance of different components of the pedestrian livability pattern, t-tests for mean comparisons, and analyses of standard deviations to assess consensus among residents. The derived components were based on an integrated framework that drew from urban livability theories and pedestrian-centered design principles, encompassing factors, such as physical infrastructure, social inclusiveness, environmental sustainability, safety, cultural relevance, and management strategies. Research Findings This study assessed the extent to which the indicators of the Pedestrianism Livability Pattern had been realized along the Madi Niasarm corridor, drawing on insights from local residents and utilizing a framework comprising 12 components and 69 indicators. The results indicated that the mean scores for all components exceeded the moderate threshold, reflecting a relatively favorable condition of the corridor concerning its adherence to the Pedestrianism Livability Pattern. These findings underscored the significant potential of the corridor for fully implementing the pattern and advancing sustainable urban development. Moreover, they aligned with previous research, notably the studies by Ghalehnoee and Alikhani (2014) and Namdarian et al. (2017). Statistical analyses further revealed that the components under investigation did not exhibit uniform levels of realization across the area with significant differences identified among them. The results of the Friedman test, which ranked the components of the Pedestrianism Livability Pattern, indicated that the means of the defined components were not equal. The components were ranked as follows: 1) pedestrianism, 2) public spaces, 3) social factors, 4) environmental sustainability, 5) culture and education, 6) physical quality, 7) safety and security, 8) urban self-reliance, 9) public transportation, 10) urban landscape, 11) management factors, and 12) economic factors. Subsequently, the average scores assigned by citizens to each component were as follows: pedestrianism (3.89), public spaces (3.61), social factors (3.59), environmental sustainability (3.58), culture and education (3.50), physical quality (3.44), safety and security (3.42), urban self-reliance (3.42), public transportation (3.35), urban landscape (3.36), management factors (3.30), and economic factors (3.29). The Madi corridors distinguished by their linear structure and favorable climatic conditions offered considerable potential for pedestrian-oriented development. However, specific sections required infrastructural enhancements, particularly regarding the separation of pedestrian and vehicular pathways. Public spaces—especially green and shaded areas—were crucial for enhancing the quality of life and providing leisure opportunities. Nonetheless, there was a noticeable lack of resting points and recreational amenities in certain areas of the corridor. Social factors, including neighborhood relations and a strengthened sense of belonging, were notable advantages within the region although further adaptations were needed to better accommodate specific groups. In terms of the environmental dimension, the presence of greenery and climatic comfort was a significant strength; however, issues like canal desiccation and land subsidence posed serious concerns. Additionally, deficiencies in tree maintenance and disorder in some areas further compromised environmental quality. Safety and security were challenged by the lack of protective infrastructure, overlapping pathways, and the presence of vulnerable populations. The area's resilience necessitated special attention given the physical deterioration and low permeability of the urban fabric. While urban infrastructure and healthcare services were relatively adequate, limitations persisted regarding land use diversity, access to daily services, and retail opportunities in certain sections. The urban landscape, despite sufficient enclosure, was adversely affected by incoherent architectural forms and a neglect of cultural heritage. In the transportation sector, access to public transit was generally adequate; however, improvements were needed for bicycle routes and pathways designed for specific groups (Nouraei et al., 2023). Traffic management issues and a lack of parking facilities also contributed to citizen dissatisfaction. From the residents' perspective, urban management and economic components were rated as weak. Key challenges included the absence of effective public engagement, limited responsiveness, and insufficient local employment opportunities. Strengthening citizen participation, reorganizing land uses, and supporting small businesses could significantly enhance conditions. These findings align with the results of Arsiya & Mehrabani Golzar (2018), underscoring the need to bolster residents' economic capacity and improve managerial processes. Discussion of Results & Conclusion The findings highlighted that the Niasarm Madi corridor encompassed various elements essential for fostering pedestrian-friendly urban environments. While certain aspects, such as pedestrian pathways, public spaces, and opportunities for social engagement, were relatively well-developed, areas like safety management, environmental sustainability, and economic vitality required targeted improvements. Based on the rankings and feedback from residents, we propose a hierarchical development framework: First Priority: Addressing economic factors, management strategies, public transportation systems, and aesthetic quality of urban imagery and landscapes (These elements form the foundation for sustainable pedestrian activity, economic resilience, and visual appeal.) Second Priority: Enhancing urban self-reliance, safety and security measures, physical quality of infrastructure, and cultural/educational initiatives that deepen residents’ engagement and sense of belonging Third Priority: Focusing on environmental sustainability, social cohesion, expansion and enhancement of public spaces, and promotion of pedestrianism practices This phased approach aligns with the principles of participatory development—adapting interventions to capitalize on existing strengths while systematically addressing weaknesses—thereby ensuring incremental yet impactful improvements. This comprehensive analysis underscored the vital role of residents’ perceptions in shaping the development of pedestrian-friendly urban environments. Niasarm Madi served as a model for both the potential and challenges of utilizing natural corridors to enhance livability, resilience, and sustainability. Responsive, participatory, and strategic interventions grounded in robust data and community input could ensure that such urban spaces met the evolving needs of their inhabitants while preserving their unique cultural and environmental heritage. The results of this research can contribute to the preservation, revitalization, and strengthening of the pedestrianism livability pattern in the spatial structure of Isfahan City, maximizing the potential of this corridor to enhance the city's overall livability and resilience. مادی نیاصرم به‌عنوان یکی از اصلی‌ترین انشعابات رودخانه زاینده‌رود، از ظرفیت بالقوه‌ای در راستای ارتقای زیست‌پذیری و پیاده‌مداری شهر اصفهان برخوردار است؛ بااین‌حال، در روند توسعه شهری به این محور توجه لازم نشده و بهره‌برداری مؤثری از پتانسیل‌ها و ظرفیت‌های موجود صورت نگرفته است. پژوهش حاضر باهدف بررسی میزان برخورداری این محور از شاخص‌های زیست‌پذیری و پیاده‌مداری طراحی شده است. بدین منظور با ترکیب نظریات زیست‌پذیری و پیاده‌مداری الگوی تلفیقی جدیدی با عنوان «الگوی زیست‌پیاده‌مدار» تدوین شد و شاخص‌های کمی مناسب برای ارزیابی آن از منابع علمی موجود گردآوری شد. هدف پژوهش حاضر، ارزیابی میزان برخورداری مادی نیاصرم از شاخص‌های الگوی زیست‌پیاده‌مدار براساس دیدگاه شهروندان و ساکنان حاشیه مادی و دستیابی به اولویت‌بندی مناسب برای برنامه‌‌ها و طرح‌های توسعه با تمرکز بر نقاط ضعف و کمبودهای موجود در این محور است. روش تحقیق شامل مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، برداشت‌های میدانی و تکمیل پرسش‌نامه است و جامعه آماری آن را شهروندان ساکن در حاشیه مادی نیاصرم تشکیل می‌دهند. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران ۳۹۰ نفر تعیین شد. داده‌ها با بهره‌گیری از نرم‌افزار SPSS و آزمون‌های آماری فریدمن، t تک‌نمونه‌ای و تحلیل میانگین تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص‌های پیاده‌مداری با میانگین 89/3، فضاهای عمومی با میانگین 61/3 و عوامل اجتماعی با میانگین 59/3 در سه رتبه‌ نخست قرار دارند؛ درحالی‌‌که شاخص‌های حمل‌ونقل عمومی با میانگین 35/3، عوامل مدیریتی با میانگین 3/3 و عوامل اقتصادی با میانگین 29/3 در پایین‌ترین رتبه‌ها جای گرفته‌اند. این یافته‌ها می‌توانند مبنایی برای تدوین سیاست‌های توسعه این ‌محور و اولویت‌بندی اقدامات اجرایی در راستای تحقق کامل الگوی زیست‌پیاده‌مدار در محدوده مادی نیاصرم فراهم آورند.

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